翻译
2. Empirical（经验主义的、以经验或观察为依据的） and Theoretical Motivation
Before discussing theoretical issues, it is instructive to examine the patterns of the global spread of antidumping, in terms both of cases brought and of number of active national enforcement agencies involved.
Since 1995 has been India, with Argentina and South Africa among the top five. Turning to Figures 1 and 2. the same story is told from a different perspective. We see there that although there has been a significant increase in the number of antidumping cases brought worldwide, a more dramatic increase has occurred in the number of countries getting involved in bringing such cases, roughly a tripling of noncasual enforcers (defined as more than 2 cases brought in a year) between the late 1980s and today, with all of this growth brought about by new enforcement agencies in developing economies.
To motivate our empirical analysis, consider a model (built on Brander and Krugman 1983)
