Epic:A long narrative poem in elevated or dignified language,celebrating the great deeds of a legendary or traditional heroes

Romance:A tale in verse,it describes the life and adventures of knights.The content of romance was usually about love,chivalry and religion. The matter of France:tales centering about Charlemagne,Eg:Chanson de Roland. The matter of Greece and Rome:series tales about Alexander. The matter of Britain:tales about Arthur and his knights of the Round Table.

Spenserian Stanza:It’s a verse form that consists of eight iambic pentameter lines followed by a ninth line of six iambic feet,with the rhyme scheme ababbcbcc

Heroic couplet:A verse unit consisting of a pair of rhyming iambic pentameter line.

Popular ballads:a story told in song, usually in four-line stanzas, with the second and fourth lines rhymed.Types of ballads:historical,legendary,fantastical,lyrical,humorous.

Renaissance:The term Renaissance indicated a revival of classical(Greek and Roman) arts and science after the dark ages of medieval obscurantism.Indeed, a great number of the works of classical authors were translated into English during the 16th century,

Blank verse:Poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.

Sonnet:A form of poetry intricately rhymed in 14lines iambic pentameter.

Essay: It is a short written composition that discusses a subject or proposes an argument without claiming to be a complete or thorough exposition. As a minor literal form, the essay is often flexible in style and differs from formal academic dissertation.

Parallelism:Similarity if structure in a pair or series of related words,phrases or clauses

Allegory:An allegory in its most general sense is an extended metaphor,containing literal meaning and figurative meaning.

Enlightenment: a revival of interest in the old classical works, logic, order, restrained

emotion and accuracy.In this movement reason was advocated as primacy source for legitimacy and authority.It was also known as “Age of Reason”.It advocated”liberty、equality、fraternity” Romanticism. The particular characteristics of the literature of romanticism include: subjectivity and an emphasis on individualism; freedom from rules; solitary life rather then life in society; the beliefs that imagination is superior to reason; and love of and worship of nature.

Sentimentalism: it was one of the important trends in English literature of the later decades of the 18th century. It concentrated on the free expression of thoughts and emotions, and presented a new view of human nature which prized feeling over thinking, passion over reason.

Lake Poets: the English poets who lived in and drew inspiration from the Lake District at the beginning of the 19th century.

Byronic Heroes: a variant of the Romantic heroes as a type of character( enthusiasm,

persistence, pursuing freedom), named after the English Romantic Poet Gordon Byron. Elegy: a poem of mourning, usually over the death of an individual; may also be a lament over the passing of life and beauty or a meditation of the nature of death; a type of lyric poem. Realism:Realism sought to portray familiar characters,situations,and setting in a realistic manner.This was done primarily by using an objective narrative point of view and through the buildup of accurate detail.