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2004-2014高考英语试题分类解析

情态动词与虚拟语气

(2014安徽卷)30．People are recycling many things which they______ away in the past.

A. had thrown B. will be throwing C. were throwing D. would have thrown

【答案】D

【解析】考查情态动词。句意：人们在循环利用他们过去常常会扔掉的东西。Would have done表示对过去发生的事情的推测。根据句意可知D正确。

(2014北京卷)27. ______ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.

A. Can B. Must C. Shall D. Should

【答案】A

【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？用不了多少时间。Can意为―可以‖，表示请求、要求、建议等：；must意为―必须，一定‖；shall意为―应，会，将，必须‖；should意为―应该‖。根据句意可知，空格can I…？表示征求许可。故A正确。

(2014北京卷)34. We ______ back in the hotel now if you didn’t lose the map.

A. are B. were C. will be D. would be

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你没丢失地图，现在我们就会在宾馆里了。If引导的条件状语从句中，如果表示与现在事实相反时，条件句中的谓语动词用―一般过去时/were‖，主句使用―情态动词+动词原形‖。根据句意可知，题中所述内容与现在事实相反。故D正确。 (2014湖南卷)22. If Mr. Dewey ______ present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.

A. were B. had been G. should be D. was

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果Mr. Dewey在场，他会向那里的人提供任何帮助。与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，条件状语从句要用―had done‖，主句要使用―情态动词+have done‖。