初中英语基本句型及被动语态讲解

一.主语+不及物动词（vi）。

不及物动词是本身意义完整后面不需要跟宾语的实义动词。常见的有:agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed.. appear, die ，end (vi. 结束), happen, last, lie, remain, sit, run, ,swim, stand, sleep，laugh ，smile …

注意：不及物动+介词+宾语 如：look at me ,go to school

二.主语+系动词+表语（形容词，名词，ving,介词短语）

系动词有：

be (am is are was were) / seem / keep/stay

是/好象(似乎)是/保持

look / feel / taste / smell / sound

看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)

become / turn / get / grow 变得

注意：只有系动词后可以直接形容词做表语，其他动词不可以 。

三.主语+及物vt+宾语（to do sth/ving sth/名词/代词）

1、有些动词只能接不定式做宾语。例如：

help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，learn，plan，manage，agree，fail，offer，seem等等。例如： He refused to speak on the radio.

2、有些动词或短语只接动名词做宾语：

mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，consider，miss，keep(on)，avoid避开，躲开，stand(忍受)，allow ，practice ，give up，put off，look forward to期待，期望，feel like想要做某事，prevent…from，阻止can't help禁不住，不由自主 迫不及待，be/get use to ，be worth doing，be busy doing 例如：

(1)His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room and often advised him to give up smoking.

(2)I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.

(3)She doesn't feel like eating anything，being ill for a few days.

3、接不定式，又接动名词区别不大的动词。如；like，love，hate，prefer． begin，start.

4、接不定式．亦接动名词，区别大的动词有

A．remember，forget，

例如：Please remember to bring me the book I want next time. I remember seeing her (=having seen her) somewhere before.

B．mean：mean to do=want to do打算，想要…；mean doing：意味着，就是

例如：I am sorry, I didn't mean to hurt your feelings， Learning a foreign language doesn't mean just working in class.

C．stop：stop to do停下原来做的事情去做另一件事（不定式作目的状语）；stop doing停止干某事（动名词作宾语）。例如： After some time, they stopped walking and had a rest.

After walking some time, they stopped to have a rest.

D．try：try to do，努力，设法做某事； try doing：试着干某事。 例如：1.He searched everywhere and tried to find his key. 2.He came to the city from the countryside and tried to find a job.

E．want，need，require接动名词表示被动意义，表示"需要、该……"；接不定式，表示"想，要干……"。 例如：The room wants cleaning. The matter needs thinking over.(=to be thought over)

F．go on：go on to do继续做与原来不同的另一件事（不定式作目的状语）。go on doing继续做与原来同一件事（动名词作宾语）。例如： After a smoke，he went on telling us that interesting story. After writing his English composition he went on to work out his maths problems.

G．动词advise，allow，permit，forbid后面只接宾语时用动名词，接复合宾语时:用动词不定式。例如：