美国文学史

1， Benjamin Franklin：merchant family，an apprentice in a

printing house

2， Emerson：family：clergyman，philosophy of the soul，美国

孔子，文明之父，transcendentalism（超验主义nature的出版，nature is ennobling and individual is divine神圣的）chief spokesman, 最终除了你自己的思想头脑外 ,没有什么是神圣的，the ame scholar（speech）

3， Ellen Poe：a poet and fiction writer，begin his literary by

writing poets

4， Nathaniel Hawthorne：man and human history originates in

puritanism（清教主义）,view ：there is evil in every heart，描写人性和社会的阴暗面，young goodman brown（desperate and gloomy）揭示每个人都有邪恶的秘密，rappaccini`s daughter(人性罪恶之源)，ambiguity is one of the salient characteristics of his art，美国文学史上最受争议的（ambivalent）,intellectuals us appears as villains(恶棍) in his story，the house of the seven gables， the marble faun，the blithedale romance，the scarlet letter（加尔文主义）

5， Walt Whitman：family：carpenter（木匠）free verse（自由

诗体），leaves of grass(获得成功的原因：the democratic ideas)歌整体和部分，when the lilacs last in the dooryard bloomed