摘 要

本文通过设计板式精馏塔达到分离甲醇---水二元混合物，需要满足年处理量67000吨，原料中甲醇含量46%，塔顶产品要求含甲醇不低于99.7%，塔底甲醇含量不高于0.5%，常压操作，泡点进料。

采用连续精馏流程,设计中采用泡点进料，将原料液通过预热器加热至泡点后送入精馏塔内。塔顶上升蒸汽采用全凝器，冷凝液在泡点下一部分回流至塔内，其余部分经产品冷却后送至储罐。该物系属于易分离物系，塔釜采用直接蒸汽加热。

通过全塔物料衡算、塔体工艺尺寸计算、塔板工艺尺寸计算，得到该塔板工艺尺寸。设计采用塔径1.2m，共安装43块塔板,第31块为进料板，每块塔板开孔数为121个，采用单溢流弓形降液管，全塔高度为22m。经验算各项设计均通过流体力学验算满足设计要求。

关键词：板式精馏塔；浮阀塔；甲醇--水；设计计算

Abstract

In this paper, the plate distillation column is designed to separate methanol from water in a binary mixture. We have to deal an annual handling capacity of 67000 tons , of which the raw materials take up 46 percent .As a result , the top product contains methanol no less than 99.7 percent, and methanol in the bottom is no higher than 0.5%, with an atmospheric pressure operation, bubble point feeding.

Continuous distillation process and bubble point feeding is selected. The raw material liquid is sent into the Distillation Column after heated to soak . The whole steam condensator works on the upwarding gas, and the condensated liquid below the bubble point goes back to the next part of the tower, and the remaining portion of products is delivered to a storage tank after being cooled. The matter of isolates belongs to a department of easy-seperated, and the direct steam heating is taken.

The tray process dimension is obtained through the material balance of the entire tower, the calculation of tower process size and the tray size process. It ends with a tower diameter of 1.2m, a total of 43 plate installed, the 31 board as the feeding board, 121 openings holes in each tray ,single-arch overflow downcomer , 22 m of the whole tower height .At last, the checked design of fluid mechanics should meet the requirements.

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Key words: plate distillation column; float valve tower ;methanol—water; design

calculation;