1.The English Ballads p17 is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas, with the second and fourth lines rhymed. The Robin Hood Ballads

2. Humanism p31

The key-note of the . p31 “Humanism” describes the secular ideology that espouses reason, ethics, and justice, while specifically rejecting supernatural and religious ideas as a basis of morality and decision-making. According to the humanists, both man and the world are hindered by external checks from infinite improvement. Man could mould the world according to his desires, and attain happiness by removing all external checks by the exercise of reason.

3. Metaphysical Poets and Cavalier Poets 玄学派和骑士诗人 p116works of the Metaphysical poets are characterized, generally speaking, by mysticism in content and fantasticality in form .John Donne (1572-1631): the founderGeorge Herbert (1593-1633): “the saint of the Metaphysical school”often knights and squires; an awareness of mortality; a bitter consciousness of transitoriness of human glory and joy. John Suckling, Richard Lovelace, Thomas Carew and Robert Herrick

4. 4.The Enlightenment and Classicism in English Literature p126

18th century in Europe It is an expression of struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudice and other survivals of feudalism. p127 literary creation by some fixed rules drawn from Greek and Latin works p128 5.rationalism 理性主义 （强调理性）

6. Sentimentalism and Pre-Romanticism in Poetry p193

7. The Romantic Period :1798-1832 p211

Two schools: 1: reflected the thinking of classes ruined by the bourgeoisie, and by way of protest against capitalist development turned to the feudal past represented by Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey 2.expressed the aspirations of the classes created by capitalism and held out an ideal of future society free from oppression represented by Byron, Shelley and Keats

8. The Rise of the Critical Realism in England p276

Social background English critical realism: 1840s and 50s The critical realists described with much vividness and great artistic skill the chief traits of the English society and criticized the capitalist system from a democratic viewpoint.

9. stream of consciousness. P376 +p407

The “stream of consciousness” is a psycholo7gical term indicating “a number of writers adopted the “stream of consciousness” method of novel writing.

The striking feature of these novelists is their given precedence to the depiction of the character’s