定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句

【固定搭配】to do / doing

在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同

1.forget to do 忘记做某事 I’m sorry I forgot to post the letter.

forget doing 做过某事忘了 I forgot telling him the news the other day.

2. stop to do 停下来做某事 He stopped to talk to me when he saw me in the street yesterday.

stop doing 停止做某事 Please stop talking loudly in the library.

3.try to do 尽力做某事 I’ll try to get there before sunset. 我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。

try doing 试着做某事 Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？

4.regret to do 遗憾地将做某事 I regret to say that I can’t go with you.

regret doing 后悔做过某事 I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English.

【关系代词引导的定语从句】

（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。

如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.

2) You must do everything that I do.

上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why

1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分

（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句

1.who指人，在从句中做主语

(1)The boys are from Class One.

(2)Yesterday I helped an old man . 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person .

注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(2) The man is my friend.

3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game . ( which 在句子中做主语)

(2) This is the pen . ( which 在句子中做宾语)

4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。

在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

(1) The people are all here. (在句子中做主语)

(2) Where is the man ? (在句子中做宾语)

5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

(1) He has a friend .

(2) I lived in a house .

whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替