林业木材词汇收集整理

林业木材词汇收集整理

林业木材词汇

一、基本术语

木材防腐：wood preservation 木材防腐剂：wood preservative

木材防腐处理：wood preservative treatment 木材保管：wood protection in storage

原木保管：log protection in storage 锯材保管：sawntimber protection in storage木材防火：wood fire prevention 木材败坏：wood deterioration

生物败坏：biodeterioration 物理和化学损害：physical and chemical degradation 真菌：fungus 细菌：bacterium

昆虫：insect

腐朽：decay/rot

蛀孔：bore hole

天然耐腐性：natural decay resistance

自由水：free moisture /free water

纤维饱和点：fibre saturation point

木材吸湿性：hydroscopicity of wood

木材透水性：water permeability of wood

纹孔：pit

木材硬度：hardness of wood

生材：green wood

气干材：air-dried timber

干裂：seasoning check

轮裂：ringe shake

劈裂：split

年轮：annual ring

晚材：late wood

心材：heart wood

针叶树材：coniferous wood/soft wood

健康材：sound wood

变色材：stained wood

二、木材败坏

菌害：attack by fungi and bacteria

担子菌纲：basidiomycetes

半知菌类：fungi-imperfecti/deuteromyetes

多孔菌目：polyprales/polyporaceae

霉菌：mould

菌丝体：mycelium

孢子：spore

蓝变blue stain

边材腐朽： sap rot

干基腐朽：butt rot

褐腐：brown rot

湿腐：wet rot 海生钻孔动物：marine borer 变色：stain 天然耐久性：natural durability 含水率：moisture content 结合水：bound moisture/bound water 平衡含水率：equilibrium moisture content 木材吸水性：water-absorbing capacity of wood 细胞壁：cell wall 木材密度：density of wood 木材强度：strength of wood 湿材：wet timber 裂纹：check 环裂：shake 弧裂：cup shake 生长轮：growth ring 早材：early wood 边材：sap wood 熟材：ripe wood 阔叶树材：broadleaves wood/hard wood 腐朽材：decayed wood/rotted wood 素材：untreated wood 木材腐朽菌：wood destroying fungi 子囊菌纲：ascomycetes 结合菌类：Zygomycetes 变色菌：stain fungi 菌丝：hyphae 子实体：fruit body 酶：enzyme 边材变色：sap stain 心材腐朽：heart rot 白腐：white rot 干腐：dry rot 软腐：soft rot