介词的基本用法

介词的基本用法

介词的基本用法

介词 (preposition) 又称前置词,是英语中最活跃的词类之一,它表示的是它后面的名词或代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句)与其他句子成分的关系。

介词可分为下列三类:

1. 简单介词,如:

about, above, across, after, against, among, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, besides, beyond, but, by, down, during, except, for, from, in, like, near, of, off, on, over, past, round, since, through, to towards, under, until, till, up, with

2. 合成介词,如:

inside, into, onto, outside, throughout, upon, within, without

3. 短语介词,如:

according to, along with, apart from, as for, as to, because of, by means of, in front of, in spite of, instead, in accordance with, on account of, on behalf of , owing to, due to, together with, up to, with regard to, next to, prior to

介词不能单独充当句子成分,它必须与名词或相当于名词作用的成分构成介词短语才能充当 句子的成分。

二、介词短语的句法功能

1. 介词短语可以用作表语。如:

Mr. Smith is still in bed. 史密斯先生还在睡觉。

He was already in his sixties. 他已经六十多岁了。

Dinner was at one o’lock. 一点钟开午饭。

We are out of food. 我们的食物吃完了。

2. 介词短语可以用作状语。如:

The children are playing by the river. 孩子们在河边玩。

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